How climate variables affect the distribution of mosquito-borne viruses?
The 2016-2022 Yellow Fever (YF) wave was unprecedented. It breached historical barriers, spreading from the Amazon through the Cerrado and into the densely populated Atlantic Forest.
Critical questions:
Temperature anomalies are the biological constraints of the virus. The viral incubation speed depends on temperature conditions (Bellone and Failoux, 2025; Johanssen et al, 2010).
Expected minimum temperature for Brazil (left), with emphasis on the Southeast region (right). The reference temperature was obtained by averaging the weekly minimal temperature between 1986 and 2015.